archlinux安装i3窗口管理器

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1.安装

pacman -S xorg xorg-xinit i3 xfce4-terminal

2.修改xinit配置文件

vi /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc

添加i3启动项并注释到其他exec

exec i3

3.启动i3

startx

 

Key Command
$mod + Enter 启动虚拟终端
$mod + A 焦点转义到父窗口上
$mod + S 堆叠布局
$mod + W 标签布局
$mod + E 默认布局
$mod + SpaceBar 焦点在平铺式／浮动式转换
$mod + D 启动 dmenu
$mod + H 水平分割窗口
$mod + V 垂直分割窗口
$mod + J 焦点往左窗口移
$mod + K 焦点往下窗口移
$mod + L 焦点往上窗口移
$mod + ; 焦点往右窗口移
$mod + Shift + Q 杀死当前窗口的进程
$mod + Shift + E 退出 i3
$mod + Shift + C 当场重新加载 i3config, 无需重启
$mod + Shift + R 重启 i3 （还重新加载了 i3config, 又没有退出过程）
$mod + Shift + J 窗口左移
$mod + Shift + K 窗口下移
$mod + Shift + L 窗口上移
$mod + Shift + : 窗口右移
$mod + Shift + SpaceBar 窗口在平铺式／浮动式转换

archlinux2015配置网络

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1.启动dhcp／获取查询网卡名称

dhcpcd

2.启动网卡

ifconfig enp0s5 up

3.添加静态ip

ip addr add <IP 地址>/<子网掩码> dev <interface>

ip addr add 192.168.1.2/255.255.255.0 dev enp0s5

4.添加网关

ip route add default via <默认网关的 IP 地址>

ip route add default via 192.168.1.1

5.添加DNS

/etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 114.114.114.114
nameserver 114.114.115.115

 

 

cfdisk分区

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1.查看需要分区磁盘号

fdisk -l

2.进入cfdisk

cfdisk /dev/sda

3.选择gpt

select_label_type

4.使用键盘方向键选择NEW回车

cfdisk_new

5.输入分区容量

cfdisk_new_size

6.保存分区（write）

cfdisk_write

7.确定保存

cfdisk_write_yes

8.退出（quit）

cfdisk_quit

archlinux2015安装笔记

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1.分区(对arch不熟悉这里我只分1个区)

cfdisk /dev/sda

cfdisk分区

2.格式化

mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1

3.挂载分区

mount /dev/sda1 /mnt

4.修改源，将速度快的源复制到文件顶部

vi /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist

5.更新pacman库

pacman -Syy

6.安装系统

pacstrap /mnt base base-devel net-tools

7.生成fstab文件，（将磁盘分区挂载信息写入arch）

genfstab -p /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab

8.使用root权限进入新安装的系统

arch-chroot /mnt

9.设置主机名

echo archlinux > /etc/hostname

10.设置时区／UTC

ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime

hwclock --systohc --utc

11.设置root密码

passwd

12.安装引导（网上到处都说使用grub-bios，但我怎么弄都报错，被坑惨了，后来换成syslinux问题瞬间解决了。）

pacman －S syslinux gptfdisk

13.运行脚本syslinux-install_update ，参数使用 -i (安装) -a (设可启动标识) -m (安装到mbr)

syslinux-install_update -i -a -m

14.配置/boot/syslinux/syslinux.cfg（配置启动的分区，默认是第三分区/dev/sda3,这里修改为第一分区/dev.sda1）

vi /boot/syslinux/syslinux.cfg

15.退出chroot

exit

16.卸载挂载

umount -R /mnt

17.重启

reboot

至此，安装完成。

 

CentOS调整分区

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1.获取分区信息

[root@CentOS ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_CentOS-lv_root
                       50G   17G   31G  35% /
tmpfs                 7.8G  172K  7.8G   1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1             485M   75M  385M  17% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg_CentOS-lv_home
                      492G  4.3G  463G   1% /home

 

2.卸载 home

[root@CentOS ~]# umount /home
[root@CentOS ~]# fuser -m /home
/home:                   1rce     2rc     3rc     4rc     5rc     6rc     7rc     8rc     9rc    10rc    11rc    12rc    13rc    14rc    15rc    16rc    17rc    18rc    19rc    20rc    21rc    22rc    23rc    24rc    25rc    26rc    27rc    28rc    29rc    30rc    31rc    32rc    33rc    34rc    35rc    36rc    37rc    38rc    39rc    40rc    41rc    42rc    43rc    44rc    45rc    46rc    47rc    48rc    49rc    50rc    51rc    52rc    53rc    54rc    55rc    56rc    57rc    58rc    59rc    60rc    61rc    62rc    63rc    64rc    65rc    66rc    67rc    68rc    69rc    74rc    75rc    76rc    77rc    94rc    95rc   126rc   214rc   267rc   268rc   269rc   270rc   271rc   272rc   395rc   397rc   414rc   415rc   427rc   509rce  1092rc  1109rc  1163rc  1164rc  1270rc  1588rce  1613rce  1642rce  1661rce  1774rce  1786rce  1790rce  1856rce  1917rce  1926rce  1927rce  1969rce  1972rce  2002rce  2107rce  2116rce  2131rce  2154rce  2165rce  2278rce  2289rce  2301rce  2306rce  2308rce  2310rce  2315rce  2320rce  2336rce  2347rce  2403rce  2473rce  2479rce  2527rce  2531e  2653rce  2654rce  2655rce 13162rce 13485rce 13633rce 13727rce 13789rce 13841rc 13980rce 14095rc 14231rce 14237rce 14530rce 14569rce 14633rce 14673rce 14674rce 14679rce 14680rce 14685rce 14743rce 16519rce 16525rce 16535rce 16543rce 16544rce 16605rce 16613rce 16615rce 16617rce 16624rce 16643rce 16644rce 16646rce 16648rce 16652rce 16659rce 16662rce 16663rce 16664rce 16667rce 16670rce 16672rce 16674rce 16675rce 16679rce 16735rce 16771rce 16784rce 16786rce 16827rce 16831rce 16832rce 16866rce 16869rce 16873rce 16875rce 16877rce 16879rce 16881rce 16883rce 16889rce 16891rce 16892rce 16894rce 16895rce 16915rce 16918rce 16940rce 16944rce 16970rce 17699rce

 

3.缩减home至100G

[root@CentOS ~]# resize2fs -p /dev/mapper/vg_CentOS-lv_home 100G
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Please run 'e2fsck -f /dev/mapper/vg_CentOS-lv_home' first.

[root@CentOS ~]# e2fsck -f /dev/mapper/vg_CentOS-lv_home
e2fsck 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
/dev/mapper/vg_CentOS-lv_home: 124788/32735232 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 3179634/130922496 blocks
[root@CentOS ~]# resize2fs -p /dev/mapper/vg_CentOS-lv_home 100G
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Resizing the filesystem on /dev/mapper/vg_CentOS-lv_home to 26214400 (4k) blocks.
Begin pass 2 (max = 603887)
Relocating blocks             XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
Begin pass 3 (max = 3996)
Scanning inode table          XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
Begin pass 4 (max = 14767)
Updating inode references     XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
The filesystem on /dev/mapper/vg_CentOS-lv_home is now 26214400 blocks long.

 

4.重新挂载 home

[root@CentOS ~]# mount /home
[root@CentOS ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_CentOS-lv_root
                       50G   16G   32G  34% /
tmpfs                 7.8G  272K  7.8G   1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1             485M   92M  369M  20% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg_CentOS-lv_home
                       99G  4.3G   90G   5% /home

 

5.将home 逻辑分区降至300G

[root@CentOS ~]# lvreduce -L 300G /dev/mapper/vg_CentOS-lv_home 
  WARNING: Reducing active and open logical volume to 300.00 GiB
  THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)
Do you really want to reduce lv_home? [y/n]: y
  Reducing logical volume lv_home to 300.00 GiB
  Logical volume lv_home successfully resized
[root@CentOS ~]# vgdisplay  
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               vg_CentOS
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  5
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                3
  Open LV               3
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               557.26 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              142658
  Alloc PE / Size       91604 / 357.83 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       51054 / 199.43 GiB
  VG UUID               NhRvjB-kFB4-uY78-Mx2A-cbjV-q7cY-CZ9eLk

 

6.增加root 50G

[root@CentOS ~]# lvextend -L +50G /dev/mapper/vg_CentOS-lv_root 
  Extending logical volume lv_root to 100.00 GiB
  Logical volume lv_root successfully resized
[root@CentOS ~]# resize2fs -p /dev/mapper/vg_CentOS-lv_root 
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem at /dev/mapper/vg_CentOS-lv_root is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
old desc_blocks = 4, new_desc_blocks = 7
Performing an on-line resize of /dev/mapper/vg_CentOS-lv_root to 26214400 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/mapper/vg_CentOS-lv_root is now 26214400 blocks long.
[root@CentOS ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_CentOS-lv_root
                       99G   16G   78G  17% /
tmpfs                 7.8G   72K  7.8G   1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1             485M   97M  363M  21% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg_CentOS-lv_home
                       99G  4.3G   90G   5% /home

 

7.增加home逻辑分区至400G

[root@CentOS ~]# lvextend -L 400G /dev/mapper/vg_CentOS-lv_home 
  Extending logical volume lv_home to 400.00 GiB
  Logical volume lv_home successfully resized
[root@CentOS ~]# vgdisplay  
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               vg_CentOS
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  7
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                3
  Open LV               3
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               557.26 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              142658
  Alloc PE / Size       130004 / 507.83 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       12654 / 49.43 GiB
  VG UUID               NhRvjB-kFB4-uY78-Mx2A-cbjV-q7cY-CZ9eLk

[root@CentOS ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_CentOS-lv_root
                       99G   16G   78G  17% /
tmpfs                 7.8G   72K  7.8G   1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1             485M   97M  363M  21% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg_CentOS-lv_home
                       99G  4.3G   90G   5% /home
[root@CentOS ~]# resize2fs -p /dev/mapper/vg_CentOS-lv_home 
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem at /dev/mapper/vg_CentOS-lv_home is mounted on /home; on-line resizing required
old desc_blocks = 7, new_desc_blocks = 25
Performing an on-line resize of /dev/mapper/vg_CentOS-lv_home to 104857600 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/mapper/vg_CentOS-lv_home is now 104857600 blocks long.

[root@CentOS ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_CentOS-lv_root
                       99G   16G   78G  17% /
tmpfs                 7.8G   76K  7.8G   1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1             485M   97M  363M  21% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg_CentOS-lv_home
                      394G  4.3G  370G   2% /home
[root@CentOS ~]# vgdisplay  
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               vg_CentOS
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  7
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                3
  Open LV               3
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               557.26 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              142658
  Alloc PE / Size       130004 / 507.83 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       12654 / 49.43 GiB
  VG UUID               NhRvjB-kFB4-uY78-Mx2A-cbjV-q7cY-CZ9eLk

fedora 安装解码器

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安装视频解码库

yum install ffmpeg ffmpeg-libs gstreamer-ffmpeg libmatroska xvidcore

安装MP3和其他音频支持

yum install gstreamer-plugins-good gstreamer-plugins-bad gstreamer-plugins-ugly libtunepimp-extras-freeworld xine-lib-extras-freeworld